DHAKA POLICE

Bangladesh Police

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search

Bangladesh Police বাংলাদেশ পুলিশ
Common name	পুলিশ (Police)
Abbreviation	BP
Patch of Bangladesh Police
Logo of Bangladesh Police
Flag of Bangladesh Police
Motto	শান্তি শৃঙ্খলা নিরাপত্তা প্রগতি
	Peace Discipline Security Progress
Agency overview
Employees	123,197[1]
Legal personality	Governmental: Government agency
Jurisdictional structure
Map of Bangladesh Police's jurisdiction.
Size	147,570 km2 (56,977 sq mi)[2]
Population	162,221,000[3]
Constituting instrument	The Police Act, 1861
General nature	Law enforcement Civilian police
Operational structure
Headquarters	6, Phoenix Road, Fulbaria, Dhaka - 1000
Agency executive	Hasan Mahmud Khandoker, Inspector General of Police
Facilities
Stations	609[4]
[show]Notables Award President Police Medal (PPM), President Police Medal - Seba (PPM-Seba), Bangladesh Police Medal (BPM), Bangladesh Police Medal - Seba (BPM-Seba)
Website
http://www.police.gov.bd

The Bangladesh Police ( Bangla: বাংলাদেশ পুলিশ ) is the main law enforcement agency of Bangladesh. It is administered under the Ministry of Home Affairs of the Government of Bangladesh. It plays a crucial role in maintaining peace and enforcement of law and order within the whole of Bangladesh. Though the police are primarily concerned with the maintenance of law and order and security of persons and property of individuals, it also plays a vital role in the criminal justice system.

Contents [hide] 1 History of Bangladesh Police 1.1 Ancient Period 1.2 Medieval Period 1.3 British Period 1.4 Pakistan Period 1.5 Role of Police in Liberation War 1.6 Bangladesh Period 2 Organisation of Bangladesh Police 2.1 Branches 2.2 Organisation 2.3 Police Units 3 Inspector General of Police 4 Police Ranks 4.1 Superior Officers 4.2 Subordinate Officers 5 Strength 6 Women in Bangladesh Police 7 Selection and Training 7.1 Assistant Superintendent of Police (ASP) 7.2 Sub-Inspector (SI) 7.3 Constable 8 Training Institutions 8.1 List of Training Institutions 9 Police Medals 9.1 For Bravery 9.2 For Service 10 Contribution to UN Peach Keeping Operations 11 Small Arms 12 References

[edit] History of Bangladesh Police

[edit] Ancient Period

There is a long and very much old history of police. A study of history shows that police is as old as the civilisation. In the city state of Rome police became a special institution by about the time of Augustus towards the Middle of the fist century B.C. In case of Bangladesh the history of policing is also very old.^[5]
Manushanghita, the hieroglyphics of Emperor Ashoka, and the stories of renowned travelers are the main sources of composing our history. These sources also give clues to compose the fragmented history of Bangladesh Police. In Orthoshastra by Koutilla, nine types of spies are mentioned. During that period policing was confined in the efforts of collecting intelligence in order to curb anti-governmental activities and to maintain law and order in the society. The duties of under cover spies were extended such a way that they used to conduct surveillance over the activities of ministers, civil and military officials. For this all means of temptations and instigations were used. Information about investigating techniques and investigating authorities may be found in Orthoshastra. The procedures of punishing the accused are also found in this book. Hence it maybe assumed that there was one kind of police under the local autonomous system in the rural and urban areas.^[6]

[edit] Medieval Period

Details of policing activities during the middle age cannot be found as well. However, during the periods of the great sultans, an official holding the position of Muhtasib used to perform the duties of policing. This person happened to be the chief of police and the in charge of public works and the inspector of public ethics simultaneously. In urban areas, Kotwals were responsible for performing police duties. Information regarding police systems during the Mughal period can be found in the book Aain-E-Akbori. The policing system introduced by Shershah Shuri, was further organized during the period of Emperor Akber, the great. The Emperor organized his administrative structure introducing Fouzdari (the principal representative of the Emperor), Mir Adal and Kazi (the head of judicial department) and Kotwal (the chief police official of larger cities). This system was very effective in maintaining the law and order in cities. The Kotwal police system was implemented in Dhaka City. Many district sadar police stations are still called Kotwali police stations. In Mughal period Kotwal emerged as an institution. According to the historians the Kotwal was minor luminary under the Muhtasib.
A Fouzdar was appointed to every administrative unit of the government (district). There were some artillery and cavalry forces under the Fouzdar. Thanadars was appointed dividing the parganas into small localities. There was a disciplined police system during the Mughal period though there was no professional police force like that of the British period. In general, it may be opined that there was a remarkable development in the maintenance of law and order and criminal administration during the reign of the Muslim rulers.^[6]

[edit] British Period

The establishment of a systematic police force in England was of slow growth and came into effect after its creation abroad. In the early stage of Industrial Revolution when England was facing grave crisis due to socioeconomic transformation the necessity of an effective organised police service was keenly felt Sir Robert Peel, the then Prime Minister introduced a bill in the British Parliament in 1829 which created an organised civil police in the near by London Metro police. Initially there were some opposition to the existence of this uniform police but the success of the London police in controlling social disorder and crime captured imagination of not only the people of England but also of the whole Europe and America, New York city copied the London model with some modifications when it organised the first Municipal Police Force 1833.^[5]
In 1858 full control of the Indian Territory was taken over from the East India Company by the British government. The success of the London police organised under Peels Act of 1829 prompted the British government to reform the police system in the sub-continent on the line of the British constabularies. With this end in view a police commissioner was set up 1840 and on the recommendation of the commission of the Police Act (Act V of 1861) was passed by the British Parliament. Under this Act a police force was created in each province of British India and placed under the control of the provincial government. The administration of the police force of a province was vested upon an officer styled as the Inspector General of Police. The administration of the police in a district was placed under the Superintended of Police. The Act is still in force throughout the Sub-continent and has been regulating the function of police in Bangladesh as well as the other countries of the sub-continent.^[5]

[edit] Pakistan Period

After partition of the Sub-continent in 1947 police force in Bangladesh was first named as East Bengal Police and then as East Pakistan Police and it continued to function as provincial police force in the same lines as during the British rule.^[6]

[edit] Role of Police in Liberation War

The most glorious chapter of the history of Bangladesh Police came when Bangla-speaking police officers participated along with the citizens in Bangladesh Liberation War. During the liberation war a large number of police officers from all ranks including a Deputy Inspector General, some senior Superintendents of Police and many other gave their lives for the cause of liberation. Many police personnel embraced martyrdom on 25 March 1971 fighting bravely with mere .303 rifles against the Pakistani invaders. The resistance by the Bengali members of police at Rajarbag is basically the first chapter of armed struggles during the War of Independence. This armed resistance was a clear indication to all that they had no other alternative but to go for an armed struggle to achieve independence. The name and address of 1262 police officers of different ranks could be listed who sacrificed their lives for the independence of Bangladesh during the liberation war.
Again Mr. Mahbubuddin Ahmed, Bir Bikram, who was the Sub-Divisional Police Officer (SDPO) of Jhenaidah at that time, led the historic guard of honour given to the members of the Mujibnagar Cabinet when the provisional Government of Bangladesh took oath on the auspicious day of April 17, 1971 during liberation war.^[7]

[edit] Bangladesh Period

After the emergence of Bangladesh as an independent country on December 16, 1971 the police force was recognized and it assumed the role of a national police force. Bangladesh Police as like as other police forces over the world is primarily responsible for the preservation of peace and order, protection of life and property of the people and prevention and detection of crime. The traditional role of police in Bangladesh has undergone significant change after the liberation. The role of police is no longer confined to maintenance of law and order and prevention and detection of crime. To meet the need of an independent and developing country the police is now required playing a significant role in developing state and such kinds of activities by providing the basic security required for sustained economic growth of the country. Police also is contributing substantially in this field by keeping under control economic crimes which retread the process of the development. It is further playing a vital role in dealing with insurgency in some areas of the country which impedes development activities and threatens the security of the state.^[5]

[edit] Organisation of Bangladesh Police

Bangladesh Police is headed by the Inspector General of Police (IGP). Under the control of Police Headquarters, Bangladesh Police is divided into different branches.

[edit] Branches

• Police Range
• District Police Administration
• Metropolitan Police
• Special Branch (SB)
• Criminal Investigation Department (CID)
• Railway Police (GRP)
• Highway Police
• Industrial Police
• Armed Police Battalion (APBn)
• Rapid Action Battalion(RAB)

[edit] Organisation

Range & District Police

• Outside the Dhaka capital region and other metropolitan cities, police is organised into Police Ranges, headed by a Deputy Inspector General of Police (DIG), who control several Police Districts. Now there are seven Police Ranges in seven administrative divisions.
• The Police District is the fulcrum of police activity and each Police District is headed by a Superintendent of Police (SP).
• The Police District is made up of one or more Circles, and is under the command of an Assistant Superintendent of Police (ASP) often referred to as the Circle ASP.
• Under the Police Circles are the police stations, generally under the control of an Inspector of Police who is called Officer-in-Charge (OC). Under him several Sub-Inspector of Police works. As per the various Bangladeshi laws, Sub-Inspector (and above) are the only officers who can file a charge sheet in the court.

Each Police Range maintains its own Range Reserve Force (RRF) and district police also maintains its own Special Armed Force (SAF) which is responsible for emergencies and crowd control issues. They are generally activated only on orders from the Superintendent of Police, and higher-level authorities. The armed constabulary do not usually come into contact with the general public unless they are assigned to VIP duty or to maintain order during fairs, festivals, athletic events, elections, and natural disasters. They may also be sent to quell outbreaks of student or labor unrest, organized crime, and communal riots; to maintain key guard posts; and to participate in anti-terrorist operations.
Names of the Police Ranges are:

Sl. No	Name of the Police Range
1	Dhaka Range
2	Chittagong Range
3	Khulna Range
4	Rajshahi Range
5	Sylhet Range
6	Barisal Range
7	Rangpur Range

Metropolitan Police

• In addition to the police ranges, major cities have police forces which follow the Police Commissionerate System. The Chief of Metropolitan Police is the Police Commissioner. Raised in 1976, the Dhaka Metropolitan Police is charged with maintaining security and order in the national capital and neighbouring areas. Later five other metropolitan police were formed in other large cities.

Names of the Metropolitan Police are:

Sl. No	Name of the Metropolitan Police
1	Dhaka Metropolitan Police (DMP)
2	Chittagong Metropolitan Police (CMP)
3	Khulna Metropolitan Police (KMP)
4	Rajshahi Metropolitan Police (RMP)
5	Sylhet Metropolitan Police (SMP)
6	Barisal Metropolitan Police (BMP)

SWAT

• SWAT (Special Weapons And Tactics) is an elite tactical unit of the Dhaka Metropolitan Police which was established on February 28, 2009. The SWAT unit operates under the Detective Branch of Dhaka Metropolitan Police.

Traffic Police

• Traffic Police in the small towns come under the district police, but Traffic Police in the cities come under the metropolitan police. The Traffic Police are responsible for maintaining the smooth flow of traffic and stopping offenders in the city or town.

Special Branch (SB)

• The Special Branch was established to assist in maintaining national security and also performs the functions of intelligence-gathering and counterintelligence.^[8]

Immigration Police

• The purpose of the Immigration Service, Bangladesh Police is to provide immigration related service and security through the well managed entry and out of people to and from Bangladesh. The immigration service is provided by Special Branch of Bangladesh Police.^[9]

Criminal Investigation Department (CID)

• The Criminal Investigation Department (CID) is a special unit of Bangladesh Police responsible for carrying out investigations into crimes, including terrorism, murders and organized crime. It also gives forensic support. It is headquartered in Malibag, Dhaka, and maintains a training school named the Detective Training School.

Government Railway Police (GRP)

• The Railway Police is responsible for law enforcement on the Bangladesh Railways. They maintain discipline on platforms as well as travel inside trains to keep passengers secure. Railway accidents are also handled by them. Under the Deputy Inspector General (Railway Police) Railway Police is divided into two Railway District, one is Syedpur and another is Chittagong each headed by a Superintendent of Railway Police (SRP).

Highway Police

• To make the highways safer and to ensure smooth traffic management system, Government realized the necessity of Highway Police. In the year 2005 Highway Police started its journey.^[10]

Industrial Police

• To keep the law and order in the industrial area Industrial Police formally started its journey on 31 October 2010.

Armed Police Battalion (APBn)

• There are ten Armed Police Battalions located at different parts of Bangladesh.

Airport Armed Police (AAP)

• A specialized unit of APBn, Airport Armed Police (AAP) is deployed in the international airports of Bangladesh for maintaining security of the airports.

Rapid Action Battalion (RAB)

• In 2004, elite force of Bangladesh Police Rapid Action Battalion was raised, consisting of the personnel of Bangladesh Police, Bangladesh Army, Bangladesh Navy, Bangladesh Air Force, Border Guard of Bangladesh and Bangladesh Ansar & VDP. It works under the control and supervision of the Police Headquarters.^[11]

Tourist Police

• In 2009 Tourist Police was formed to protect local and foreign tourists, starting the service in Cox’s Bazar Sea Beach, a popular area with world’s longest sandy beach. It is planned to expand the Tourist Police to other tourist spots very soon.^[12] It works under the District Police Administration.

[edit] Police Units

POLICE Police Range Police District Circle Thana (Police Station) Investigation Centre (IC) / Police Out-Post / Police Camp

METROPOLITAN POLICE Division Zone Thana (Police Station) Police Out-Post / Police Camp

[edit] Inspector General of Police

Inspector Generals of Police since 1971:

Name	Period
A. Khaleque	April 17, 1971 – April 23, 1973 (From Mujibnagar Government)
M. A. K. Chowdhury	May 18, 1971 – December 13, 1971
A. Rahim	April 23, 1973 – December 31, 1973
A. H. M. Nurul Islam	December 31, 1973 – November 21, 1975
Hossain Ahmed	November 21, 1975 – August 26, 1978
A. B. M. G. Kibria	August 26, 1978 – February 7, 1982
A. M. R. Khan	February 8, 1982 – January 31, 1984
E. A. Chowdhury	February 1, 1984 – December 30, 1985
Md. Habibur Rahman	January 9, 1986 – January 9, 1986
A. R. Khondkar	January 9, 1986 – February 28, 1990
Toyob Uddin Ahmed	February 28, 1990 – January 8, 1991 & July 20, 1991 – October 16, 1991
A. M. Chowdhury	January 8, 1991 – July 20, 1991
M. Enamul Haque	October 16, 1991 – July 8, 1992
A. S. M. Shahjahan	July 8, 1992 – April 22, 1996
M. Azizul Haque	July 22, 1996 – November 16, 1997
Md. Ismail Hussein	November 16, 1997 – September 27, 1998
A. Y. B. Siddiqui	September 27, 1998 – June 7, 2000
Muhammad Nurul Huda	June 7, 2000 – November 6, 2001
Modabbir Hossein Chowdhury, psc	November 16, 2001 – April 22, 2003
Shohudul Haque	April 22, 2003 – December 15, 2004
Ashraful Huda	December 15, 2004 – April 7, 2005
Mohammad Hadis Uddin	April 7, 2005 – May 7, 2005
Abdul Kaiyum	May 7, 2005 – July 6, 2006
Anwarul Iqbal	July 6, 2006 – November 2, 2006
Khoda Bokhs Chowdhury	November 2, 2006 – January 29, 2007
Nur Mohammad	January 29, 2007 – August 31, 2010
Hasan Mahmud Khandoker, ndc	August 31, 2010 – Present

[edit] Police Ranks

[edit] Superior Officers

POLICE Inspector General of Police (IGP) Additional Inspector General of Police (Addl IGP) Deputy Inspector General of Police (DIG of Police) Additional Deputy Inspector General of Police (Addl DIG of Police) Superintendent of Police (SP) / Assistant Inspector General (AIG) (in Police HQ) / Special Superintendent (SS) (in SB & CID) / Superintendent of Railway Police (SRP) (in Railway Police) Additional Superintendent of Police (Addl SP) Senior Assistant Superintendent of Police (Senior ASP) Assistant Superintendent of Police (ASP)

METROPOLITAN POLICE Police Commissioner Additional Commissioner of Police Joint Commissioner of Police Deputy Commissioner of Police (DC) Additional Deputy Commissioner of Police (ADC) Senior Assistant Commissioner of Police (Senior AC) Assistant Commissioner of Police (AC)

RAPID ACTION BATTALION (RAB)

• Director General
• Additional Director General
• Director
• Deputy Director (DD)
• Senior Assistant Director (Senior AD)
• Assistant Director (AD)

Rank Badge of Superior Officers

IGP	Addl IGP	DIG	Addl DIG	SP	Addl SP	Senior ASP	ASP

[edit] Subordinate Officers

UN-ARMED BRANCH Inspector of Police / Traffic Inspector (TI) Sub-Inspector (SI) / Sergeant / Town Sub-Inspector (TSI) Assistant Sub-Inspector (ASI) / Un-armed Head Constable (HC) Police Constable

ARMED BRANCH Armed Inspector Armed Sub-Inspector (Armed SI) Head Constable (HC) Naik Police Constable

Rank Badge of Subordinate Officers

Inspector	Sub-Inspector	Sergeant	ASI	Head Constable Un-Armed Branch	Head Constable Armed Branch	Naik	Constable

[edit] Strength

As of February 2007, the strength of the Bangladesh Police is 123,197.^[13] The Police Population ratio in Bangladesh is 1:1138.^[14]

[edit] Women in Bangladesh Police

Although the history of Bangladesh Police is so long but the history of women in Bangladesh Police is not so long. Women first joined Bangladesh Police in 1974. Fourteen women police officers were appointed in the Special Branch (SB) in 1974. Of them seven were in the rank of Sub-Inspector (SI) and seven were in the rank of Constable. The first female uniformed police members were recruited two years later. In 1976 fifteen women police officers were appointed in the Dhaka Metropolitan Police (DMP) for the first time in the rank of Sub-Inspector (SI).^[15] However, no women were recruited in the supervising posts in those days.
In 1986, only one woman BCS Cadre police officer Ms. Fatema Begum was appointed as Assistant Superintendent of Police (ASP) through 6th Bangladesh Civil Service (BCS) examination. She is the pioneer of women as BCS Cadre officer in Bangladesh Police. Now she is serving as Deputy Inspector General (DIG) in Bangladesh Police. After two years in 1988 four women joined Bangladesh Police through the 7th Bangladesh Civil Service examination. After long interval from 1989 to 1998, in 1999 eight women officers were appointed through the 18th Bangladesh Civil Service examination.
Nowadays women police of various ranks are appointed and working in all units of Bangladesh police.^[16]
Currently there are about 2,240 women are working in Bangladesh Police in the ranks from Deputy Inspector General (DIG) to Constable.^[17]

[edit] Selection and Training

Vehicles used by Bangladesh Police

The recruitment process differs according to the level of the position, and direct entry (where an applicant does not have to start at the lowest level) is possible. The educational requirements increase with recruitment for higher posts. Recruitment is conducted in the following three tiers:

• In the rank of Assistant Superintendent of Police (ASP)
• In the rank of Sub-Inspector (SI)
• In the rank of Constable

[edit] Assistant Superintendent of Police (ASP)

The Assistant Superintendent of Police (ASP) are recruited by Bangladesh Public Service Commission (BPSC) through the extremely competitive Bangladesh Civil Service (BCS) examination. They undergo a one year long hardship and effective training in the Bangladesh Police Academy as Probationary ASP. After passed out from academy they also undergo an orientation training of six months in the district level as a probationer.

[edit] Sub-Inspector (SI)

Sub-Inspector is recruited by Police Headquarters centrally. They undergo a one year long hardship and effective training in the Bangladesh Police Academy as Outside Cadet Sub-Inspector. After that they have also probationary period in different police units as part of training.

[edit] Constable

Constable is recruited in the district level. They undergo a six month long training in the Police Training Centre as the Trainee Recruit Constable (TRC).

[edit] Training Institutions

Bangladesh Police Academy, established in 1912 in Sardah, Rajshahi is the central training institution of Bangladesh Police. The Police Staff College, Bangladesh was established in 2000 in Dhaka.^[18] Bangladesh Police also maintains Police Training Centre (PTC) in Tangail, Rangpur, Khulna and Noakhali. The Detective Training School was established in 1962 in Dhaka.

[edit] List of Training Institutions

• Police Staff College, Bangladesh
• Bangladesh Police Academy
• Police Training Centre, Tangail
• Police Training Centre, Rangpur
• Police Training Centre, Khulna
• Police Training Centre, Noakhali
• Detective Training School
• Special Branch Training School
• Police Special Training School (PSTS), Betbunia, Rangamati
• Traffic Training School (TTS), Dhaka
• MDTS, Jamalpur

[edit] Police Medals

Police medals are awarded in the annual Police Week in a ceremony. It is awarded for bravery and service.

[edit] For Bravery

• Bangladesh Police Medal (BPM)
• President Police Medal (PPM)

[edit] For Service

• Bangladesh Police Medal - Service (BPM-Seba)
• President Police Medal - Service (PPM-Seba)

[edit] Contribution to UN Peach Keeping Operations

A Bangladeshi police officer helps rush injured civilians to a first aid post after clashes in the Congolese capital Kinshasa

Since its first mission in 1989 in Namibia the Bangladesh Police contributes to U.N. peace-keeping missions including in Ivory Coast, Sudan, Liberia, Kosovo, East Timor, DR Congo, Angola, Haiti and other countries. In 2005 Bangladesh Police sent its first Formed Police Unit (FPU) to the UN Peacekeeping mission in Ivory Coast. Bangladesh is the top police contributing country of UN. At present 1646 members of Bangladesh Police is deployed in seven countries in eight UN Missions.^[19]
List of completed and present UNPOL and FPU Peacekeeping missions participated by Bangladesh Police:^[20]

Sl. No	Name of Mission	Country	Period
1	UNTAG	Namibia	1989–1990
2	UNTAC	Cambodia	1992–1994
3	UNPROFOR	Yugoslavia	1992–1996
4	UNUMOZ	Mozambique	1993–1994
5	UNAMIR	Rowanda	1993–1995
6	UNMIH	Haiti	1994–1995
7	UNAVEM-III	Angola	1995–1999
8	UNTAES	East Slovenia	1996–1998
9	UNMIBH	Bosnia	1996–2002
10	UNMISET/UNMIT	East Timor	1999 to till date
11	UNMIK	Kosovo	1999 to till date
12	UNAMSIL	Sierra Lion	2000
13	UNMIL	Liberia	2003 to till date
14	UNOCI	Ivory Coast	2004 to till date
15	UNMIS	Sudan	2005 to till date
16	MONUC	Congo	2005 to till date
17	UNAMID	Sudan	2007 to till date
18	UNAMA	Afghanistan	2008 to till date